Unearthing History: A Guide to Cleaning and Preserving Found Artifacts for Metal Detectorists
Cleaning and Preserving Found Artifacts: A Guide for Metal Detectorists
Introduction:
Metal detecting is a thrilling hobby that allows enthusiasts to uncover hidden treasures from the past. Whether you stumble upon coins, jewelry, or other artifacts, it’s important to handle these finds with care and preserve their historical value. In this guide, we will explore the best practices for cleaning and preserving found artifacts.
Why Clean and Preserve?
When metal detectorists discover artifacts buried beneath the ground, they often find them in various states of deterioration. Soil and corrosion can obscure details and make identification challenging. Cleaning these objects not only reveals their beauty but also helps in cataloging them correctly.
However, it is crucial to remember that improper cleaning techniques can cause irreversible damage. Therefore, understanding the materials used in ancient artifacts and employing appropriate preservation methods is key.
Identifying Materials:
Before diving into the cleaning process, it’s essential to identify the material composition of your artifact accurately. Common materials found in archaeological discoveries include metals (such as gold, silver, copper), ceramics (pottery fragments), glassware (bottles or beads), bone fragments, and even organic materials like textiles or wood.
Each material requires different cleaning approaches to avoid potential harm during restoration efforts.
General Guidelines:
Regardless of the specific material you are dealing with, there are some general guidelines that apply when handling any artifact:
1. Avoid using harsh chemicals: Harsh chemicals can corrode or stain delicate surfaces. Instead, opt for mild soaps specifically made for artifact conservation.
2. Use soft brushes: Soft-bristled brushes help remove dirt without scratching or damaging fragile surfaces.
3. Patience is crucial: Rushing through the cleaning process may lead to accidents or mistakes resulting in permanent damage; take your time!
Cleaning Different Materials:
1. Metals:
– Gently brush off loose soil using a soft toothbrush.
– For light tarnish on precious metals like gold or silver, use warm soapy water and a soft cloth to gently clean the surface.
– For heavily corroded metals, consult a professional conservator who can advise on specialized techniques to remove rust.
2. Ceramics:
– Remove loose dirt by dry brushing with a soft brush.
– Avoid submerging fragile ceramic artifacts in water as it may cause them to disintegrate.
– If necessary, use deionized water and mild soap along with a soft sponge for gentle cleaning.
3. Glassware:
– Gently brush away loose soil using a soft brush or compressed air.
– Clean glass artifacts by soaking them in warm soapy water for some time before carefully rinsing off residue.
– Use cotton swabs dipped in rubbing alcohol for stubborn stains or adhesive residues.
4. Bone Fragments:
– Dry brush the bone fragments to remove any loose dirt or debris.
– Do not soak bone fragments; instead, wipe them gently with a damp cloth if needed.
5. Organic Materials (Textiles, Wood):
– Consult professionals specializing in preserving organic materials as they require specific care techniques often beyond the scope of amateur conservationists.
Preservation Techniques:
After cleaning your artifact, you need to take steps to preserve its condition for future generations:
1. Keep artifacts dry: Moisture promotes corrosion and decay. Store cleaned artifacts in moisture-free environments like acid-free tissue paper or archival-quality storage containers.
2. Protect from light exposure: Prolonged exposure to sunlight can fade colors and deteriorate certain materials like textiles or organic substances. Store artifacts away from direct light sources or consider UV-filtered display cases if showcasing them.
3. Temperature control: Extreme temperature fluctuations can cause expansion and contraction, leading to cracks or other damage. Maintain stable temperatures when storing your finds.
4. Limit handling: Minimize physical contact with artifacts as oils from our skin can lead to corrosion over time. Use gloves when handling delicate items and avoid unnecessary touching.
Conclusion:
Cleaning and preserving found artifacts is an essential responsibility for metal detectorists. By employing proper cleaning techniques and following preservation guidelines, we can ensure the longevity of these historical treasures. Remember, if you are uncertain about a specific cleaning method or have an artifact with significant value, it’s best to consult with professional conservators who specialize in artifact restoration. With careful attention to preservation, we can continue uncovering and appreciating the stories that lie within our ancient discoveries.