Unearthing History: A Guide to Cleaning and Preserving Found Artifacts for Metal Detecting Enthusiasts
Cleaning and Preserving Found Artifacts: A Guide for Metal Detecting Enthusiasts
Introduction:
Metal detecting is a thrilling hobby that allows individuals to unearth hidden treasures from the past. Whether it’s coins, jewelry, or other artifacts, these finds provide us with glimpses into history. However, once these items are discovered, they require proper cleaning and preservation to ensure their longevity and value. In this guide, we will explore the best practices for cleaning and preserving found artifacts.
1. The Importance of Cleaning and Preservation:
Cleaning and preserving found artifacts is crucial because it helps maintain their historical significance and monetary value. Additionally, proper care ensures that future generations can enjoy these discoveries as well. By following appropriate techniques, metal detectorists can enhance the appearance of their finds without causing any damage.
2. Identification Before Cleaning:
Before embarking on the cleaning process, it’s essential to identify the artifact accurately. Understanding its material composition (e.g., gold, silver) will help determine which cleaning methods are safe to use.
3. Dry Cleaning Techniques:
Dry cleaning involves removing loose dirt or debris without using water or chemicals directly on the artifact’s surface. Here are some effective dry-cleaning techniques:
a) Soft Brushing: Use a soft-bristle brush (such as a toothbrush specifically designated for artifact cleaning) to gently remove dirt particles from the object’s surface.
b) Compressed Air: A canister of compressed air can be used to blow away dirt from delicate artifacts while avoiding direct contact.
c) Vacuuming: For larger objects or those covered in loose soil/grime, vacuum cleaners with adjustable suction settings can safely clean them without causing harm.
4. Wet Cleaning Techniques:
Wet cleaning should only be considered when necessary because immersion or prolonged exposure to liquids may damage certain materials if not done correctly.
a) Water Soaking: Submerging an artifact in distilled water (preferably non-chlorinated) for a short period can help loosen stubborn dirt or encrustations. However, this method is only suitable for non-porous materials like glass or metal.
b) Soft Cloth and Water: For delicate artifacts, dampening a soft cloth with distilled water and gently wiping the surface can remove light dirt.
c) Mild Detergent Solution: If water alone isn’t enough, a mild detergent solution can be used. Ensure the detergent is pH-neutral and free from harsh chemicals that could damage the artifact. Dip a soft cloth in the solution and gently wipe away dirt, rinsing thoroughly afterward.
d) Electrolysis: This advanced technique should only be attempted by experienced metal detectorists as it involves using an electrical current to remove rust from iron artifacts. Seek professional advice before attempting electrolysis to prevent any potential damage.
5. Stubborn Stains and Encrustations:
Some artifacts may have stubborn stains or encrustations that require additional attention. Here are some methods to tackle such issues:
a) Mechanical Cleaning: Using specialized tools like dental picks, bamboo sticks, or toothpicks (with rounded tips), carefully scrape away encrusted material without damaging the artifact’s surface.
b) Chemical Cleaning: Certain chemicals like acetone or rubbing alcohol can dissolve tough stains on metals when applied sparingly using cotton swabs. Always test these substances on small inconspicuous areas first to ensure they won’t harm the artifact.
6. Preservation Methods:
After cleaning your discovered artifacts, it’s crucial to take steps to preserve them properly:
a) Drying: Ensure all cleaned artifacts are thoroughly dried before storing them to prevent moisture-related damages such as corrosion or mold growth.
b) Storage Containers: Use acid-free archival-quality containers made of plastic, cardboard, or glass specifically designed for artifact preservation. Avoid using materials like newspaper or tissue paper that contain acids harmful to certain objects.
c) Desiccants: Placing desiccant packets (silica gel or activated charcoal) in storage containers helps absorb excess moisture, mitigating the risk of corrosion and mold.
d) Environmental Control: Store artifacts in a temperature-controlled environment with stable humidity levels to prevent deterioration. Avoid exposing them to direct sunlight or extreme fluctuations in temperature.
e) Handling: When handling artifacts, wear clean gloves made of nitrile or cotton to avoid transferring oils from your hands onto the objects. Handle delicate items with extra care using padded tweezers or specialized tools.
Conclusion:
Cleaning and preserving found artifacts are essential steps for metal detectorists who want to maintain their historical significance, monetary value, and overall integrity. By following appropriate cleaning techniques and implementing proper preservation methods, these treasures can be enjoyed by enthusiasts and future generations alike. Remember always to prioritize caution and seek professional advice when dealing with particularly delicate or valuable artifacts. Happy metal detecting!